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DANGERS OF
DRUG ABUSE AMONG THE YOUTHS
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study
Drug abuse
is one of the top problems confronting the nation today especially among the
youth. Incidences of drug abuse and related anti-social behavior have
tremendously increased in recent years. This has become a matter of concern to
the government, parents, teachers, Non-governmental organizations and all other
relevant agencies. Parents do not recognize the extent of drug use and as a
result, some young people think they can use drugs with impunity. Most parents
believe that it is the responsibility of teachers to check drug abuse among
school going youths and still most of them delude themselves that their
children are safe and secure. Drug abuse is not confined to young people in
certain geographical areas or from particular social-economic backgrounds. It
affects the nation as a whole-both urban and rural areas. The concept of “drug”
has been defined as any chemical substance which affect living organism. Such a
substance may be used to fight infections and illness or minimize pain,
fatigue, anxiety or at times to achieve certain level of euphoria. WHO (1952)
defined “drugs” as any substances that when taken into a living body produce
reactions or modify its psychological and physiological functioning. On the
other hand “drug abuse” has been defined as any use of drugs for nonmedical
purposes almost always for altering consciousness. Drug abuse denotes
substances that change the mental or physical state of a person and that may be
used repeatedly for that effect leading to abnormality. WHO defined “Drug
dependence” as a “state” arising from repeated administration of a drug on a
periodic or continuous basis in order to experience its psychic effect and
sometimes to avoid the discomfort of its absence.(Kilonzo, 1996:170). However,
experience shows that drug abuse has been on the medical and nonmedical drug
which is the concern of this study. For the medical drugs, using them without
prescription of the medical personnel or using them contrary to the
prescriptions of the medical personnel is considered as abusing the medical
drugs. For example some people use symptoms of diseases as a means of buying
and using different drugs or for quicker recovery as some think, they use drugs
not asprescribed by the doctors, i.e. use drugs for four times instead of three
times or three times instead of two times per day. For the non-medical or
illicit drugs, they include heroin, cocaine, cannabis, opium etc. When these
are used it is said that drugs are abused because their uses are not for the
purposes of treating, preventing and diagnosing diseases. Cigarette smoking is
one of licit drugs which commonly abused by people.The main effect of using
cigarette is nicotine which causes cancer of lungs, gangrene chest pain, death
etc.Also alcoholism from the medical point of view indicates a disease caused
by chronic, excessive drinking resulting to dependence on alcohol.
Physiological definition of alcoholism classifies it as a drug addiction
recognizable by the occurance of a withdrawal syndrome when the drinking is
stopped. Mbatia (1996:61).In a nutshell alcohol like the other drug abuses,
affect the quality of the people’s lives and affect people in both developed
and developing countries. Alcoholism and drug abuse are a growing problem in
Nigeria affecting people at different levels and groups including street
children, prostitutes, the youth, men and women. Ironically drug abuse is no
longer a problem confined to the slums and youths in the urbancenters but also in
schools, prisons and the rural areas. In this view drug abuse affect almost
everybody in the society but the researcher wants to investigate the danger of
drug abuse among youths.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Drug abuse
is one of the top problems confronting the nation today especially among the
youth. Incidences of drug abuse and related anti-social behavior have
tremendously increased in recent years. This has become a matter of concern to
the government, parents, teachers, Non-governmental organizations and all other
relevant agencies. It is more prevalent than parents suspect. Parents do not
recognize the extent of drug use and as a result, some young people think they
can use drugs with impunity.
1.3
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main
objective of this study is dangers of drug abuse among the youths. But for the successful completion of the
study; the researcher intends to achieve the following sub-objectives.
1. To identify the causes which make the youth
to abuse drugs in Nigeria
2. To find out the impacts of drug abuse among
youth in Nigeria
3. To ascertain the relationship between drug
abuse and the youth psychological behavior
4. To recommend remedial measures of drug abuse
among youth in Nigeria
1.4 RESEARCH
HYPOTHESES
For the
successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were
formulated by the researcher;
H0: there are no causes which make the youth to
abuse drugs in Nigeria
H1: there are causes which make the youth to
abuse drugs in Nigeria
H02:there
are no relationship between drug abuse and the youth psychological behavior
H2:there are
relationship between drug abuse and the youth psychological behavior
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
It is
believed that at the completion of the study, the findings will be of benefit
to the youth. The study will help to address the causes and also provide the
remedies to the drug abuse among youth.The study will also be of great benefit
to the researchers who intends to embark on research on similar topics as it
will serve as a guide. Finally, the study will be of great importance to
academia’s, lecturers, teachers, students and the general public.
1.6 SCOPE
AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of
the study covers the dangers of drug abuse among youth. The researcher
encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;
a)
AVAILABILITY OF RESEARCH MATERIAL: The research material available to the
researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
b) TIME: The
time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the
researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the
study.
c)
Organizational privacy: Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it
difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the
activities.
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
DANGER:
Danger is the general word for liability to all kinds of injury or evil
consequences, either near at hand and certain, or remote and doubtful: to be in
danger of being killed. Hazard suggests a danger that. Peril usually denotes
great and imminent danger: The passengers on the disabled ship were in great
peril
DRUG ABUSE:
Substance abuse, also known as drug abuse, is a patterned use of a drug in
which the user consumes the substance in amounts or with methods which are
harmful to themselves or others, and is a form of substance-related disorder.
YOUTH: Youth
is the time of life when one is young, but often means the time between
childhood and adulthood (maturity). It is also defined as "the appearance,
freshness, vigor, spirit, etc., characteristic of one who is young"
1.8
ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY
This
research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows
Chapter one
is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the
study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study,
research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the
study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two
highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the
review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and
methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data
collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and
recommendations made of the study
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