The Effects of Delays and Disruption on the Cost of Building Construction Projects in Nigeria (A Case Study of Enugu State)
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The Effects
of Delays and Disruption on the Cost of Building Construction Projects in
Nigeria (A Case Study of Enugu State)
ABSTRACT
This project
is purposely for determining the effects of delay and disruption on the cost of
building construction project in Nigeria, ascertaining the cost, which aim at
x-raying unnecessary delay and disruption in the normal processes of procuring
and prosecuting building and civil engineering construction work at both
pre-contract and post contract stages of construction. The factors that usually
call for these delay and disruption in construction projects of the numerous
project on the construction landscape and on the parties that are involved in
carrying out the projects. This study continued with elucidating what the
Quantity Surveyor and the other parties involved in the construction process
can do to eliminate delays and disruption in construction in Nigeria. According
to this study, inadequate planning, incompetent project manager, variation in
project scope, political factors, price fluctuation etc., contributes to the
delays and disruption of building construction project and thereby affecting
their cost also. Most of the proper majors are recommended for the elimination
of delays and disruptions on construction project i.e Adequate pre-contract
study, engaging competent construction professionals etc.
TABLE OF
CONTENTS
Abstract
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of study
1.2
Statement of problem
1.3 Purpose
of study
1.4 Research
Questions
1.5
Significance of study
1.6 Scope of
Study
1.7
Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE
REVIEW
2.1 Delay
and Disruption
2.2
Construction Delay and Causes
2.2.1 Why
Construction Projects are delayed and Abandoned
2.2.2 Common
problems causing delay in construction
2.2.3
Inadequate pre-contract study and Planning
2.2.4 Award
of Contract
2.2.5
Variations
2.2.6
Fluctuations
2.2.7
Natural Disaster
2.2.8 Poor
Executive Capacity of the Contractor
2.3 Cause of
High Costs of Construction
2.4 Time
Over-Runs and Cost
2.5 Delay
and Disruption in Construction in Summary
CHAPTER
THREE
METHODOLOGY
3.1 Research
Design
3.2 Area of
Study
3.3
Population of Study
3.4 Sampling
Technique
3.5
Instrument for Data Collection
3.6 Validity
of an Instrument
3.7
Reliability of Instrument
3.8 Method
of Data Collection
3.9 Method
of Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
PRESENTATION
AND ANALYSIS 0F DATA OR RESULT
4.1 Results
CHAPTER FIVE
DISCUSSION
AND CONCLUSION OF RESULTS
5.1
Discussion of Findings
5.2
Conclusion of the Study
5.3
Recommendation
5.4
Implication of the Findings
5.5
Suggestion for Further Study
5.6
Limitation of Study
REFERENCES
APPENDIX
LIST OF
TABLES
Table 1:
Causes of Delay and Disruption are Mainly Political Situation Limited Movement
between areas award Project To Lowest bid price.
Table 2:
Cause of Delays and Disruptions in Construction Projects
Table 3:
Price Fluctuation was Identified as the most Important Factor Responsible for
the Escalation of Project Costs.
Table 4:
Fluctuation Claim Only arise where there are Increase in price but no Refund
for the price Decrease and this affect Building costs.
Table 5:
Delayed and disrupted disruption project will yield to extra cost and poor
construction management to the client and contractors.
Table 6:
Variation of Addition, omission and Substitution Affects Construction cost.
LIST OF
FIGURE
Example of
Abandon Project
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Most town
and cities in Nigeria are dotted with projects that are being delayed,
disrupted, and uncompleted. Explanations giving for the stages of each
buildings projects is varied and sometimes attributed to lack of financial, human
and material resources with which to execute the projects. It is common in
Nigeria especially now that the country is suffering from depression in the
economy. It is often bad to see huge capital investments being disrupted and
abandoned.
Any attempt
to delay and disrupt a construction project, will have terrible consequences on
every aspect of the nation’s activities which will be severe and unwelcome.
Delays and
disruptive in construction has some effects on its cost and very retrogressive
in a developing economy like Nigeria and needs to be properly addressed and
tackled with all the courage and effort that we can muster.
1.2
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
One of the
biggest problems associated with most of the construction projects in Nigeria
today is problem of delays and disruptions at both the pre-contract and
post-contract stages of construction in building and civil engineering works.
The cost of
building increases at the cause of delays and disruption in construction
because of variation. many construction project in Enugu needed huge capital
outlay and time to execute them and any attempt to delaying and disrupting the
construction proper will result to terrible consequences that will affect the
economical control and building cost.
1.3 PURPOSE
OF THE STUDY
The purpose
of this study is as follows –
To
investigate into most delayed and disrupted construction projects
To ascertain
the effects of delays and disruptions on cost of building construction.
To examine
the effect of fluctuation in prices on construction projects costs.
To examine
the costs of delayed and disrupted construction project to clients,
contractors, the professionals that are engaged and the nation, in particular
Enugu state.
To examine
the effects of variation in design on construction project costs.
1.4 RESEARCH
QUESTION
What are the
causes of delays and disruptions in construction projects?
What are the
effects of delays and disruptions on building construction project cost?
Do
fluctuations in prices bring about changes in construction project cost?
What the
costs are of delayed and disrupted construction projects to the clients,
contractors, the professionals that are engaged in the field?
In what ways
can variations in design affect construction cost?
1.5 THE
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This study
will be beneficial to the most construction industry in Nigeria because once a
project is initiated and manage properly it will eliminate high cost of
procurement and a lot profit are involved.
Also this
will help in planning and execution of future construction project executions,
especially the quantity surveyor in the feasibility and planning stages of a
proposed scheme and preparation of work method and schedules by the building
manager.
The study
also intend to bring together, the causes of construction delays and
disruptions and also tries to ascertain the costs, which will help the
construction firms, Engineers, Surveyors and construction managers to
initialize and control their project without lost or poor management.
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
From the
Oxford advanced learner’s English dictionary, delay implies the process or
action of being slow being late or linger and also explain disruption as the
action of making it difficult for something to proceed.
Delay –
delay in construction can be defined as an act whereby projects execution is
slow or interrupted one time or the other, thereby leading to unnecessary
extension in the programme of work from what was initially scheduled.
Disruption –
disruption in construction projects can be defined as an act or sites partially
or completely deserted at one time or the other for the reasons of certain
exigencies which have resulted in prolonged delays which are not in accordance
with the programme of work in use extension of time or postponement as
initially scheduled.
Cost – the
estimated amount of money that will be needed for something or the price that
should be charged for something.
Also, it
implies the effort, loss or damage that is involved in order to do or achieve
something.
Construction
– the process or method of building or making something, especially road,
building, bridges etc.
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