ATTENTION:
BEFORE YOU READ THE ABSTRACT OR
CHAPTER ONE OF THE PROJECT TOPIC BELOW, PLEASE READ THE INFORMATION BELOW.THANK
YOU!
INFORMATION:
YOU CAN GET THE COMPLETE
PROJECT OF THE TOPIC BELOW. THE FULL PROJECT COSTS N5,000 ONLY. THE FULL
INFORMATION ON HOW TO PAY AND GET THE COMPLETE PROJECT IS AT THE BOTTOM OF THIS
PAGE. OR YOU CAN CALL: 08068231953, 08168759420
INVESTIGATION
OF THE TOPOGRAPHY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF UYO PERMANENT SITE
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION
Topography
can be defined as the shape or configuration or relief or roughness or
three-dimensional quality of the earth surface the object of topographical
surveying is to produce a map showing elevations, natural and artificial
feature and forms of the earth’s surface. It is drawn from field survey data or
aerial photography’s.
Topography
is a field of geosciences and planetary science comprising the study of surface
shape and features of the earth and other observable astronomical objects
including planets, moons and asteroids, it is also the description of such
surface shapes and features (especially their depiction in maps).the topography
of an area could also mean the surface shape and features themselves In
general, topography is concerned with local details in general, including not
only relief but also natural and artificial features and even local history and
culture. The term topography originated in ancient Greece and continued in
ancient Rome, as the detailed description of a place the word comes from the Greek
words to one (Topos “place”) in the 20th century the term topography started to
be used to describe surface description in other fields where mapping in a
broader sense is used, particularly in medical fields such as neurology.
The
objective of topography is to determine the position of any features or more
generally any point in terms of both a horizontal coordinates system such as
latitude, longitude, and altitude. Identifying (naming) features, and
recognizing typical landforms patterns are also part of the field. A topography
study may be made for variety of reasons military planning and geological
exploration have been primary motivators to start survey programs, but detailed
information about terrain and surface features is essential for the planning
and construction of any major civil engineering, public works, or reclamation
projects.
Though
aerial or photogrammetric methods are extensively used in preparing
topographic, maps, grand methods and still required for checking aerial
photogrammetric and also for plotting details. For any engineering project
topographic survey is a must. Whether it is laying a railroad or high way or
design of irrigation or drainage systems, the topographical features of the
place must be known so that correct engineering decisions may be taken.
Instruments
required include transit plane table and alidade, level, hand level, tape,
leveling staff and level in various combination. Total station EDM’s are used
to advantage in topographic surveying.
Topographical
surveys, most of the measurements are done with high quality GPs unit or with a
electronic EDM instruments that measure distance with the usage of light and
radio wares. The result of survey are presented in the form of comber lines on
maps of the land, unlike in other types of surveys there the result are marked
using stakes or other landmarks.
1.1 AIMS OF
THE PROJECT
The aim of
the project is to carry out a topographical survey of the project area and the
production of a topographical plan showing natural and artificial features and
elevation of the area which will glide or serve as a valuable instrument for
planning any engineering project on the project area.
1.2
OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT
To produce a
topographic map of the project area.
To produce a
spot height map of the project area.
To produce a
contour map of the project area.
1.3 SCOPE OF
THE PROJECT
The scope of
the project includes:
Reconnaissance
survey.
Station
establishment documentation.
Perimeter
traversing.
Traverse
connection to established controls.
Spot
heightening.
Intersection
most outside the university Campos.
Detailing of
features within around projectors a using tachometry and chain survey.
Displacement
of boundary pillars and re-establishment.
Perimeter
leveling.
Filed sheet
reduction.
Computation
of bearing, coordinate and elevations of points and pillars.
Plotting of
topographic map, spot height map and contour map of the project area.
1.4 AREA OF
STUDY
The project was
carried out of permanent site university of Uyo, Akwa Ibom state, Nigeria.
HOW TO RECEIVE PROJECT
MATERIAL(S)
After paying the appropriate
amount (#5,000) into our bank Account below, send the following information to
08068231953 or 08168759420
(1)
Your project topics
(2)
Email Address
(3)
Payment Name
(4)
Teller Number
We
will send your material(s) after we receive bank alert
BANK ACCOUNTS
Account
Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account
Number: 0046579864
Bank:
GTBank.
OR
Account
Name: AMUTAH DANIEL CHUKWUDI
Account
Number: 3139283609
Bank:
FIRST BANK
FOR MORE INFORMATION, CALL:
08068231953 or 08168759420
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