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AN
ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF FLOODING ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES (A CASE STUDY
OF CALABAR SOUTH)
ABSTRACT
The study is
aimed at examining the effects of flooding on residential properties in Calabar
South Local government Area of Cross River State. The data needed for the study
were obtained through the use of 250 questionnaires in four intensively flooded
areas of the case study.However, the researcher also carried out physical
observation the areas prone to flood and general discussions and interviews
with the resident of these areas. Also both primary and secondary sources were
used for data collection. This shows that flood has serious effects in
residential properties and the residents in general. It then recommended that:
all drainage systems within the study area must be cleared to ensure free flow
of storm waters; the local planning authorities in the study area should ensure
adequate sanctions for violations of building regulations as this will go a
long way to curb the menace of flood in the affected areas.
LIST OF
FIGURES
1. MAP OF
NIGERIA SHOWING CROSS RIVER STATE
2. MAP OF
CROSS RIVER STATE SHOWING CALABAR SOUTH L.G.A.
3. MAP OF
CALABAR SOUTH SHOWING THE STUDY AREAS
4.
PHOTOGRAPHS SHOWING AREAS WITHIN THE STUDY AREA THAT FLOOD OCCUR.
LIST OF
TABLES
1. SEX OF
RESPONDENTS.
2. AGES OF
RESPONDENTS.
3. INCOME
PER ANNUM OF RESPONDENTS.
4. SIZE OF
HOUSEHOLD OF RESPONDENTS.
5. CAUSES OF
FLOOD IN THE STUDY AREA.
6. DURATION
OF FLOOD IN THE STUDY AREA.
7. AFFECTED
HOUSES WITHIN THE AREA.
8.
DISTRIBUTION OF RESIDENTS THAT RELOCATE WHEN FLOOD OCCURS.
9. NUMBER OF
PROPERTIES DESTROYED IN THE 2011 FLOOD.
10.
SUGGESTIONS GIVEN TO GOVERNMENT BY RESPONDENTS ON HOW TO CURB THE FLOOD MENACE.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
PAGES
COVER
PAGE………………………………………………………………i
TITLE
PAGE……………………………………………………………….ii
CERTIFICATION…………………………………………………………..iii
DEDICATION………………………………………………………………iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT…………………………………………………..v
ABSTRACT…………………………………………………………………vi
LIST OF
FIGURES………………………………………………………….vii
LIST OF
TABLES……………………………………………………………viii
TABLE OF CONTENTS………………………………………………………ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………….1
1.1BACKGROUND
OF THE STUDY……………………………………….1
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM………………………………………4
1.3 AIM AND
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY……………………………..5
1.4 SCOPE OF
THE STUDY…………………………………………………5
1.5
LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY………………………………………..6
1.6
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY………………………………………6
1.7 STUDY
AREA…………………………………………………………….7
CHAPTER TWO
2.0
LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………………10
2.1
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………10
2.2
DEFINITIONS OF FLOOD………………………………………………17
2.3 CAUSES
OF FLOOD…………………………………………………….18
2.4 EFFECTS
OF FLOOD……………………………………………………23
2.5 MEASURES
OF CURBING THE FLOOD MENACE………………….26
CHAPTER
THREE
3.0 RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY…………………………………………30
3.1 RESEARCH
DESIGN……………………………………………………30
3.2
POPULATION……………………………………………………………30
3.3THE
SAMPLE…………………………………………………………….30
3.4 SAMPLE
TECHNIQUE…………………………………………………..31
3.5
INSTRUMENT OF DATA COLLECTION……………………………..31
3.6PROCEDURES
FOR DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS…..32
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0
PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA…33
4.1
DISCUSSION AND FINDINGS………………………………………….43
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 SUMMARY
CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS……….45
5.1SUMMARY……………………………………………………………….45
5.2
CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………45
5.3
RECOMMENDATIONS…………………………………………………46
REFERENCES………………………………………………………………..47
APPENDIX
1……………………………………………….51
APPENDIX 2
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