The Importance of Social Workers in an Hospital (A Case Study of Psychiatric Hospital, Uselu, Benin City)
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The
Importance of Social Workers in an Hospital (A Case Study of Psychiatric
Hospital, Uselu, Benin City)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.0
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
There are
many notions of what the role of a social worker should be; we identify the
more prevalent of them. They are not presented in terms of any historical or
chronological continuity but – to assist this brief analysis – almost as ideal
type Francozo and Cassorla (2004). They are readily identified in the
literature about social work. They are also inextricably associated with the
value and principle seen to underpin social work in general. Social workers in
hospital necessary work alongside other health care professionals and other
relevant health care profession and the perspectives on social work held by
doctors and senior nurses are relevant both to their relationship with social
workers and to the smooth running of the hospital (Kearney, and Skehill, 2005).
The nurses
and doctors roles rated the quality of social work practice predominantly by
the extent to which the social worker was seen to identify unambiguously with
the hospital and its ethos: but they also set great store by the presence and
easy accessibility of a social worker, and they preferred regular contact with
the same person (Popple, Philip N, 2008). They saw the social worker as a lay
agent within the health care framework, and acknowledge that the social care
role and the social worker’s link with the community were crucial component of
a good hospital practice. Medical social work is a sub-discipline of social
work, also known as hospital social work. Medical social workers typically work
in a hospital, skilled nursing facility or hospice, have a graduate degree in
the field, and work with patients and their families in need of psychosocial
help.
Medical
social workers assess the psychosocial functioning of patients and families and
intervene as necessary. Interventions may include connecting patients and
families to necessary resources and supports in the community; providing
psychotherapy, supportive counseling, or grief counseling; or helping a patient
to expand and strengthen their network of social supports. Medical social
workers typically work on an interdisciplinary team with professionals of other
disciplines (such as medicine, nursing, physical, occupational, speech and
recreational therapy, etc.) The medical social workers job is to perform
assessment with patients to assess for any physical, mental or emotional needs
they assess the family support system and link the patient with service to help
with care if needed. Baresford, (2000) assistance with financial concern, such
as not being able to afford medication or pay household bills. Gould (2006)
some social workers provide counselling to patients who are suffering from
depression or who are having difficulty coping.
Ultimately,
a social worker links and makes referrals to agencies to assist the patient
with all of these services. Butlerlan and Giverda (2004) in most cases, social
worker can provide a great deal of assistance and support to help a patient
cope emotionally and financially deals with illness. In addition, healthcare
staff also feel comforted when they know the social worker is going to help the
patients because it means that they have fewer problems with the patient not
getting necessary treatment. Refugee Council (2005) social workers help educate
and provide support to patients and their families. Just like nurses,
physicians and therapists, social workers are experts in their field. One of
the main benefits of a social worker is helping to be sure the patient knows
what services are available. This can help increase patient’s safety and
increase the possibility that the patient will not return to the hospital.
1.1
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The rate at
which people are affected by mental illness is alarming in the world and
Nigeria in particular (WHO, 2001), and at times the psychiatrist alone will not
be able to manage the problems of most of the neurological patients. Hence the
role of social workers in psychiatric hospital is vital, to help diagnose the
social problems of patients. In recent years, evidence has shown that increase
in mental disorder are attributed to social problems such as unemployment,
divorce, retrenchment, addiction, religion, low standard of living, loss of
parental love, lack of educational achievement etc.
Such a
situation does concern all mental health and allied professionals, essentially
of social worker practicing in mental health institution believes that mental
health disorder are directly attributable to social problems that characterize
society.
1.2
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
i. To create
awareness about how social workers work with patients and their families.
ii. To
enlighten the public about how medical social worker assess the psycho social
functioning of patients and their families.
iii. To
create awareness on how medical social worker counsel mental patients and their
families. And how social workers help to expand and strengthen the network of
support to patients.
iv. To
create awareness based on how social worker’s plan and conduct programmes to
prevent substance abuse or improve health and counselling in community.
v. To
educate the public about how medical social worker’s intervene as advocate for
patients to resolve emergency problem.
vi. To
create awareness, formulate or co-ordinate programmes plan for treatment, care
and rehabilitation of patients based on social worker experience and knowledge.
1.3 SCOPE OF
STUDY
This study
will focus on the roles of a social worker in psychiatric hospital, Uselu,
Benin City. The focus will be the patients in Psychiatric Hospital, Uselu,
Benin City.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
The
significance of this study is to create awareness on the importance of medical
social worker towards promotion of psychological well being of individual,
families and community. It will also reveal how medical social workers work
with other medical practitioners with the aim of finding resolution to
patients’ problems, with intention to ameliorate or solve their problems.
1.5
DEFINITION OF TERMS
INDIVIDUAL
AND CHILD WELFARE: This is concerned with the social worker getting to know the
well being of the patients or family as a whole.
COUNSELLING:
This involves social worker listening and attempting to understand the patient
and provide answers or solutions to patients’ problems. Counselling is mostly
conducted in private and the discussion is confidential. Counselling is
concerned with problems solving behaviour modification process.
CHILD
WELFARE: This is concerned with the social worker’s finding solution for the
well being of the children in the hospital, various humanitarian organization
and meaningful individual.
RECONSTRUCT:
This is concerned with conversing a patient in ways in which is expected to
change his/her behaviour.
1. To help
them to have a normal life again.
2. To make
sure they stop associating with their bad peer group which always lead them to
drug.
3. To
counsel them about the danger of taking hard drugs like Indian hemp, cocaine,
heroin, etc.
HOMELESSNESS:
If a patient is homeless the medical officer/social worker will liaise with the
voluntary/statutory agencies that specialize in working with homeless person in
the state, to provide shelter for the patients.
DISCHARGE
PLANNING: This complex process which begins on a person’s admission in
hospital, involves assessing, counselling and planning. It may involve issues
as:
1. Loss of
independence and control
2.
Separation from loved ones
3.
Adjustment to life style changes and or possibilities of not returning home.
4.
NETWORKING: Is the practice of liaising with statutory and voluntary services
and agencies, to keep patient/families/careers informed of their right and
linking them with appropriate support network and group.
5. ELDER
ABUSE: The practice of helping the elderly people in society (Greene Roberta,
2008), if any individual has any suspicion/concern that any elderly has been
abuse or may be at risk of abuse, they should contact the medical social worker
immediately.
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