ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION. (A Study of FRCN Lagos Multipurpose Cooperative Society)
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ASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE
OF COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN POVERTY ALLEVIATION.
(A Study of FRCN
Lagos Multipurpose Cooperative Society)
ABSTRACT
This study investigates the Role
of Cooperatives in Poverty Alleviation. The study was based in the Federal
Radio Corporation of Nigeria Lagos Multipurpose Cooperative Society. The
research review the literatures of related study and were duly acknowledge.
Data were collected through constructed questionnaire and interview methods
comprising members of the study area. Using systematic sampling techniques. The
perceptible equations and tabular illustrations were used to present data
Obtained in the Study. Results obtained from the study suggested that members
of the study area and the public benefit immensely from the activities of
cooperative societies. Hence, cooperatives help to alleviate poverty amongst
its members.
TABLE OF
CONTENT
Title page - - - - - - - - - - i
Declaration - - - - - - - - - - ii
Approval Page - - - - - - - - - iii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - iv
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - v
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - vii
Table of content - - - - - - - - - ix
CHAPTER ONE
1.0
Introduction - - - - - - - - 1
1.1 Background of the study - - - - - - 5
1.2
Historical background of the
study area - - - - 6
1.3
Statement of the Problem - - - - - - 7
1.4
Objective of the study -- - - - - - - 8
1.5
Significance of the study - - - - - - 9
1.6
Research Question - - - - - - - 10
1.7
Scope of the study -- - - - - - - 11
1.8
Operational Definition of term - - - - - 11
CHAPTER TWO: Literature Review
2.1
Introduction - - - - - - - - 13
2.2 Cooperative Development Exposure - - - - 16
2.3 Poverty - -- - - - - - - - 17
2.4
Nigeria’s Poverty Situation - - - - - - 18
2.5
Poverty Alleviation in Nigeria - - - - - 20
2.6
Cooperative A tool for Promoting
Desert
Work and reducing poverty - - - - - - 23
CHAPTER THREE: Research Methodology
3.1
Introduction - - - - - - - - 28
3.2
Research Design - - - - - - - 28
3.3
Population Sample - - -- - - - - 28
3.4
Sample size - - - - - - - - 29
3.4.1 Justification for the sample size - - - - - 29
3.5
Sample Technique - - - - - - - 29
3.5.1 Justification for the sampling Technique - - - - 30
3.6
Research Instruments - - - - - - - 30
3.7
Method of Data presentation and
statistical analysis - - 30
3.8
Limitations of the study - - - - - - - 31
CHAPTER FOUR: Data Presentation And
Analysis
4.1
Introduction - - - - - - - - 32
4.2
Presentation Analysis Based on
respondents bio data - 32
4.3
Data Analysis Based on
questionnaire - - - - 35
CHAPTER FIVE: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Summary - - - - - - - - - 44
5.2
Conclusion - - - - - - - - 45
5.3
Recommendation - - - - - - - 46
Reference - - - - - - - - - 48
Appendix I - - - - - - - - - 49
Appendix II - - - - - - - - - 50
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
From the beginning of mankind, man has been engaged in a
continuous battle to liberate himself from the shackle condition of life called
poverty. Consider the following situation.
A. A
destitute is begging for alms at Public Park to buy food from a nearby food
stand.
B. A
young university trained professional lost her job a few months ago and her
bills are mounting because she is still employed.
C. An
investor is unable to pay his children’s school fees this semester because his
expected earning from investments did not materialize.
D. A
millionaire needs to take tranquilizer every night because he cannot sleeps
without them.
Which of these four people would you consider poor? A is
both income poor and socially deprived. B may not be socially deprived. Being
well educated but she is income poor, being educated but she is income poor,
being out of employment. C is cash poor, but only for a short time because he
can convert has investment into cash if necessary. D is not poor by any
material standards but he is spirit poor because money cannot buy him a sound
sleep.
In general, a discussion of poverty as a socio – economic
issues is limited mainly to the situations covered in A and B above. But
cooperative’s pride themselves as “enterprises” with a soul” will target all
four cases.
The definition and measurement of poverty can be quite elusive. It varies from place to place
and from time to time. Poverty is a condition of life so degraded by disease,
illiteracy malnutrition as it denies the basic human necessities. It is
therefore difficult to give a precise definition of poverty. But the poor
society in terms of their economic, cultural Social and psychological
condition. In an attempt to attack this chronic disease (poverty) the basic
problems of development should be redefined as a selective attack on the worst
form of poverty.
Developmental goals must be defined in terms of the
progressive reduction and eventually elimination of malnutrition, diseases,
illiteracy, unemployment and inequality. Once again the relationship between
poverty and development is clear. Where there is abundant poverty there is
little or no development. After all, the process of development itself is
geared towards the elimination of poverty and inequality in order to give room
for a better life for mankind.
Cooperatives societies which is primarily to alleviate
poverty among people because the purpose of incorporating the society is to
meet the common felt needs of the members and the general public on social and
economic needs as well as cultural aspirations of the individual thereby
complementing the efforts of the government towards the alleviation of poverty
in the society. Cooperatives is aimed at receiving the policies towards
alleviating of poverty in the society in terms of their economic, cultural, social
and psychological condition of both members and the general public. Over the
years cooperatives has made efforts in reducing the poor standards of living of
the poor masses in the society. Hence the importance of Cooperatives towards
the alleviation of poverty can not be over emphasized; it can be summarized in
the following succeeding lines:
a. Cooperatives
encourage the poor in the society to save little money that may be encountered,
so that they can conveniently solve the problems.
b. Cooperatives
create/open up viable avenue for the less privilege to benefit from government
and any other credit outside their places of work in order to enable them solve
immediate problems and other top benefit from them.
c. Stimulation
of economic growth through the engagement of semi skilled and unskilled labour
in productive activities.
d. Minimizing
rural – Urban drift through the improvement of rural communities.
e. Empowering
the environment to arrest environmental deregulation.
Programme activities and strategies to achieve the
objectives of cooperatives towards alleviation of poverty include.
a. Cooperatives
are trying to reduce the alarming rate of poverty through the provision of
goods and services at a cheaper cost for the common average man to afford.
b. Cooperatives
help to prevent exploitation of the less privilege. By organizing
workshop/seminars to educate areas that are yet to develop in terms of
education, inadequate health centers, inadequate companies to work for their
daily wages in order to better their lives and reduce the rate of poverty in
the society.
c. Empowering
women and men to participate in decision that affect lives and that enables
them to build their strengths and assets.
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Nigeria like other developing countries have done a lot in
terms of improving the standards of its citizens through the provision of
employment, shelter, food supplies, basic infrastructural facilities, good
education system and a conducive political and socio – economic environment. Of
all these deep-rooted social and economic ills, the most frightening is
poverty, it is alarming because it’s capacity of learning all social fabric and
social values. Consequently, all attempt made to reduce poverty cannot be
improved.
Nigeria, since independence has been battling on how to
reduce poverty on its citizenry. In this regard, programmes, agencies. And a
mission were drawn, instituted and formed to address this ugly issue or hydro –
headed monster (poverty). We are all aware of the philosophies behind regional areas
like the Northern Nigeria Development Cooperation (NNDC) Western Nigeria
Development Cooperation (WNDC) and Eastern Nigeria Development Cooperation
(ENDC).
All these cooperation were constructed for the purpose of
giving soft loans for the developmental projects and other employment
opportunities to the respective regions from the federal government and from
the limited sources of their respective regional areas.
The introduction of cooperatives societies in Nigeria came
about through the feasibility study of Mr. Strickland in his reported submitted
in 1933 when the Nigeria government realized the significance of cooperative.
This resulted to the formation of cooperative. Inspite of all these
cooperation, agencies and societies have proved to be very potent in reducing
the level of poverty in our society.
1.2
HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN) Lagos
Multipurpose cooperative society was formed primarily to promote the general
economic interest among its aimed at providing cash, kind and loan for
necessary productive purpose with society as a means of income and with a
reasonable convenient term of repayment. The multipurpose cooperatives society
is formed to promote cooperatives spirit among its member and to work for the
general improvement of the members living standard.
The cooperative society (FRCN) also engages in any
meaningful business ventures or trading. Activities outsides the cooperative
society so as to enhance the earnings of the society.
Finally federal Radio Corporation Radio Corporation
multipurpose cooperative society was
formed to encourage the development of cooperatives movement in Nigeria
1.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.
Poverty as a figure disturbing the people or society are
due to the fact that all governmental schemes to alleviate poverty has not been
shown in the study area.
The unemployment situation in the society is at the
increasing rate among the people due to the limitation of cooperatives
awareness in the society. The people fail to know or understand what
cooperative really means or is taking about. Due to the high population of
Nigeria, which impose the problems of poverty as to no job opportunities in the
societies.
Again despite all the effort of poverty alleviation by the
cooperatives movement, there are obstacles that hinder people from
participating and enjoying these economic developments. Such obstacles are:
lack of adequate cooperative education or awareness and enlightenment amongst
the populace as such people respond to cooperative movement very poor. Those
who are actively involved in this movement of the cooperatives do not also
fully enjoy the economic aspect of the movement, which is the foremost
objective of cooperative. This is because of the lack or inadequate cooperative
knowledge of its members. Also improper management by committee members of different
societies.
This research work, will examine ways of solving the set
aside problems that hinders the full participation and enjoyment of the cooperative movement
activities by its member, towards poverty alleviation and the betterment of
their social –economic activities.
1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The objectives of the study are to find out whether
cooperative societies can help in the alleviation of poverty. It is also an
objective of the study to make comparison on findings from this exercise with
previous studies on the same research topic, Again, the objective of the study
is to examine if all cooperative principles is best applied in the cooperative
societies.
It is equally an objective of the study to examine the
extent of people’s involvement in cooperative particularly in the rural areas.
1.5
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
The data Collected analyzed and summarized will be used for
decision and possibly recommendations will be forwarded to the parties
concerned.
Following the objectives of the study as earlier stated,
the significance of this study in the first place, is that, it will assist to
bring into focus the real cooperative activities, what they are doing and what
can be done to tackle the socio – economic problems of the people for possible
appreciation of the places of cooperatives societies in the economy and in the
role of poverty reduction among members.
The importance of this study is to underline the fact that
poverty is today the dominant factor in the Nigeria human development. This
study therefore is expected that the wider dimension of poverty government as
well as cooperative societies effort in alleviating poverty will be examined.
This research work is of great significance to the area
under study because the group and individual member of the society or the area
under study will morally and mentally benefit from the knowledge’s and
information, which this study will make available for continuous enlightenment.
So as to remain conscious and enlightened for greater participation in the
cooperative movement.
1.6
RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
1. Do
cooperative societies enhance the living standard of its bonafide members?
2. Could
Low enrolment of Individuals lead to failure of cooperative society?
3. What
is the extend of people involvement in cooperative particularly the working
class?
4. What
are the basic economic activities being carried out by cooperative to alleviate
poverty?
1.7
SCOPE
OF THE STUDY
Since the subject matter is based on an assessment of the
role of cooperatives in poverty alleviation. It has to be focused from
different angles with references to the provision of basic minimum wages,
improving economic programs.
This research work will examine the role and the extend to
which the society is economically helping the members towards enhancing their
socio – economic well being. Provision of basic education and general
implementation/improving the living standards of the population.
The researcher have to limit the sizeable level where
justice can be seen to have been done to the topic of study since a list of
time will be needed to do an extensive research on a topic of this nature
coupled with the attended cost.
1.8
OPERATIONAL
DEFINATION OF TERMINOLOGIES
v COOPERATIVE:
An association of individuals united voluntarily to meet their economic,
cultural, social needs and aspirations through a jointly owned and
democratically controlled enterprises.
v POVERTY:
Aluwalia (1973) “Defines Poverty by the number of people living below a
specified minimum level of income an imaginary poverty line knows nationals
boundaries and is independent of the level of national per capital income.
However, it magnitude may be much less in terms of total number or percentage
of the total populations”
v ALLEVIATION:
This as a term in this research work means the reduction or lessening and
elimination of any factors that leads to poverty and deprivation among the
populace so as to increase their income level.
v MEMBERS:
These are persons who are fully registered in the society and who have
completed all the necessary registration process.
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