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PERCEIVED
EXERCISE AND RECREATION AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINIC
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1
Background of the study
During
pregnancy the body experience dramatic physiological and psychological changes
which is natural and to remain healthy, the pregnant woman must indulge in
regular physical activities call exercise.1 The professional health workers
need to carefully design physical exercise programme to enable the pregnant
woman remain healthy. In country like Brazil, her Ministry of Health stipulates
that in addition to consultation and prenatal care, breathing and relaxation
techniques should be taught for better control of labour and general well-being
(2). Different exercise programmes are available for pregnant mothers; these
exercises include aerobic exercises such as dancing, walking and swimming.
Another type is Kegel exercise; this involves tightening of pelvic muscles to
control urine flow (3).
Exercise has
been known scientifically and physically to promote blood circulation to the
mother and the foetal vital organs such as the brain, liver and heart etc;
exercise also improve pelvic bone and muscle tone thus enhancing normal safe
delivery of baby during labour (5). Exercise is an activity requiring physical
effort done to improve health, it is a physical or mental activity that is done
to stay healthy or become stronger. Exercise session in antenatal clinic should
be designed to stimulate interest in the physical changes occurring to promote
body awareness and to facilitate physical and mental relaxation.
Heggard
states that women who practiced more than one type of sports or leisure time
physical activity had 24% of reduced risk of preterm delivery, which compared
with women with no sports activity (12).
It must be noted that before asking a group to perform antenatal
exercise on the floor, the correct way of getting down and up again must be
demonstrated side-lying in the coma position with pillows under arm and knee is
usually comfortable position in pregnancy. The pregnant mothers should get up
from lying by bending the knees, rolling on to one side then using the arms to
push up into a sitting or kneeling position to prevent strains on both the back
and the abdominal muscles. Muscles of good tone are more elastic and will
regain their former length more efficiently and more quickly after being
stretched than muscles of poor tone. Exercising the abdominal muscles
antenatally will ensure a speed to normal postnatally, effective pushing in
labour, and the lessening of back ache in pregnancy (13). Exercise during pregnancy are of utmost
concern for most medical caregiver, educators, the general public as well as
pregnant mothers and their family (14). Regular and moderate exercise in early
pregnancies is healthy for the mothers and their babies (7,15,16). Mother’s
health physiotherapist is the ideal choice to teach the physical skills
required or parenthood.17 However in areas where there is no physiotherapist
available, midwives may find themselves responsible for physical preparation as
well as parent education in antenatal classes or as one-to-one basis (5).
1.2 Statement
of the problem
Prenatal
exercise is of benefit to every pregnant mother. Exercise can reduce the length
of labour, shorten the recovery time and even help with postpartum weight
management (5). The physiotherapists in the hospital always come to the clinic
as early as possible but they usually meet only few pregnant mothers because
they come late to the clinic for the exercise as they see little or no need for
prenatal exercise. The purpose of this study is to study how pregnant mothers
perceive usefulness of antenatal exercise as it is being performed in the
antenatal clinics. There is need to find a way to change the perception of
pregnant women about antenatal clinic through training, seminars and health
talks on important of exercises in pregnancy and antenatal clinics.
1.3
Objective of the study
The
objective of the study is to research the perception of exercise and recreation
among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic.
1.4 Research
Questions
What is the
meaning of exercise and recreation?
What is the
importance of exercise in pregnant women?
How can
perception of pregnant women about
exercise during pregnancy be positively improved?
1.5 Significance of the study
Exercise
during pregnancy has the following importance:
– Fast
labour.
– Weight
loss in obese pregnant women.
– Relief of
fatigue, swelling and back pain.
Therefore,
this study will help in educating pregnant women on the importance of exercise
during pregnancy, which has great advantage on the their health.
1.6 Scope of
the study
The study
focus on the Perception of exercise and
recreation among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic.
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